Part VIII
International Fire Code
§ 8-101. City adoption
(a) In general.
The International Fire Code (2021 Edition) is adopted as part of the Building, Fire, and Related Codes of Baltimore City, subject to the additions, deletions, amendments, and other modifications contained in this Part VIII.
(b) Codification.
Unless otherwise specified, chapter and section numbers in this Part VIII refer to the chapter and section numbers of the International Fire Code.
§ 8-102. City modifications.
The additions, deletions, amendments, and other modifications adopted by the City are as follows:
Chapter 1
Scope and Administration
Section 101. General
101.1 Title.
The regulations contained in this Code constitute and are known as the "Baltimore City Fire Code".
101.1.1 References to "this Code".
Throughout this Part VIII, all references to "this Code" refer to the Baltimore City Fire Code.
101.2 Scope. {As in IFC}
101.2.1 Appendices adopted.
The following appendices to the International Fire Code are adopted as part of this Code:
1. Appendix B: "Fire-Flow Requirements for Buildings".
2. Appendix E: "Hazard Categories".
3. Appendix F: "Hazard Ranking".
4. Appendix G: "Cryogenic Fluids – Weight and Volume Equivalents".
5. Appendix H: "Hazardous Materials Management Plan (HMMP) and Hazardous Materials Inventory Statement (HMIS)".
6. Appendix N. "Indoor Trade Shows and Exhibitions".
101.2.2 Appendices not adopted.
The following appendices to the International Fire Code are not adopted as part of this Code:
1. Appendix A: "Board of Appeals".
2. Appendix C: "Fire Hydrant Locations and Distribution".
3. Appendix D: "Fire Apparatus Access Roads"
4. Appendix I: "Fire Protection Systems – Noncompliant Conditions".
5. Appendix J: "Building Information Signs".
6. Appendix K: "Construction Requirements for Existing Ambulatory Care Facilities".
7. Appendix L: "Requirements for Fire Fighter Air Replenishment Systems".
8. Appendix M: "High-Rise Buildings – Retroactive Automatic Sprinkler Requirement".
101.3 to 101.5 {As in IFC}
Section 102. Applicability
102.1 to 102.5 {As in IFC}
102.6 Historic buildings. {Not Adopted}
102.7 Referenced Codes and Standards. {As in IFC}
102.7.1 Most recent standard.
Where a newer version of a standard listed in Chapter 80 {"Referenced Standards"} exists, the Fire Code Official may use the newer version of that standard unless it creates an incompatibility with this Code or with the Baltimore City Building Code.
102.8 to 102.12 {As in IFC}
Section 103. Code Compliance Agency {Not Adopted}
Section 104. Duties and Powers of the Fire Code Official
104.1 General. {As in IFC}
104.1.1 Legal enforcement.
The Fire Code Official may institute or cause to be instituted, at any time, any and all legal, equitable, or criminal actions or proceedings necessary or appropriate to enforce this Code. Nothing in this Code prevents the Fire Code Official from instituting or causing to be instituted and fully prosecuting any and all legal or equitable proceedings of any kind necessary or appropriate to compel compliance with this Code, even if criminal proceedings are pending or have been completed.
104.2 to 104.7 {As in IFC}
104.8 Approved materials and equipment. {As in IFC}
104.8.1 Materials and equipment reuse. {As in IFC}
104.8.2 Technical assistance. {As in IFC}
104.8.2.1 Fire and Life Safety Design Evaluation.
All plans and specifications for which a building permit is required for building use and occupancy groups listed in Section 104.8.2.2 of this Code shall be evaluated for Code compliance using a Fire and Life Safety Design Evaluation (FLSDE) that is prepared by a third-party consultant. The FLSDE shall evaluate the following:
1. Applicable State and local Building, Fire, and Related Codes standards and amendments,
2. Designated Use Group Classifications of all spaces,
3. building construction type and fire-resistance rating requirements for building elements,
4. general building height and area,
5. required fire and smoke protection features,
6. occupant load calculations and egress capacity and travel distance analysis,
7. analysis of interior finishes,
8. required fire protection systems, including automatic sprinklers, standpipes, fire alarms, smoke detection systems, heat detection systems, smoke control measures, emergency responder radio coverage systems, portable fire extinguishers, and any additional required fire protection systems, where applicable,
9. fire hydrant locations, Fire Department connection locations, and fire apparatus access roads, where applicable,
10 emergency lighting, exit signage, and emergency power systems,
11. as applicable, the requirements of Chapter 4 {"Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use and Occupancy”} of the Baltimore City Building Code.
104.8.2.2 Qualifications of FLSDE preparer.
Upon request by the Fire Code Official, a third-party consultant preparing a FLSDE must submit documentation that confirms the consultant meets one of the following requirements:
1. a Bachelor of Science degree in Fire Protection Engineering from a university accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, certification in fire protection plan review from a major model code organization, and 2 years of professional experience in the review and evaluation of buildings and fire protection systems for code compliance, or
2. certification in fire protection plan review from a major model code organization and 5 years of professional experience in the review and evaluation of buildings and fire protection systems for code compliance.
104.8.2.3 FLSDE report submission.
The FLSDE report described in this Code shall be submitted with the plans accompanying the application for a building permit and shall be certified by the preparer.
104.8.2.4 Building use and occupancy groups and fire protection systems requiring an FLSDE.
Building use and occupancy groups and fire protection systems requiring a FLSDE include:
1. a new high-rise building, a change of use to an existing high-rise building, or a level III alteration to an existing high-rise building,
2. use group A, an assembly building, with an occupant load of 1,000 persons or more for a new building, an addition to an existing assembly building, or an occupancy change of a building to an assembly occupant type with an occupant load of 1,000 persons,
3. use group H, High Hazard,
4. use groups I-2 and I-3, Institutional,
5. all new use groups R-1 and R-2,
6. any use group when deemed necessary by the Fire Code Official due to complexity or scope of the design,
7. any submission for any use and occupancy group determined by the Fire Code Official to be deficient in the required information for adequate review,
8. any automatic fire suppression, fire detection, fire alarm, or smoke management system shop drawings as may be required the Fire Code Official.
104.9 Modifications. {As in IFC}
104.10 Alternative materials and methods.
The provisions of this Code are not intended to prevent the installation of any material or to prohibit any method of construction not specifically prescribed by this Code, as long as that alternative has been approved. An alternative material or method of construction may be approved if the Fire Code Official finds in writing that, for the purpose intended:
1. the proposed alternative is satisfactory and complies with the intent of this Code, and
2. the material, method, or work offered is at least the equivalent of that prescribed in this Code in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability, and safety.
104.11 Fire investigations. {As in IFC}
104.11.1 Assistance from other agencies. {As in IFC}
104.11.2 Fire Investigation Bureau; Fire Marshal.
The Fire Investigation Bureau is continued in the Fire Department. The Bureau consists of members assigned to it by the Chief of the Fire Department. The head of the Bureau is the Fire Marshal of Baltimore City, to be designated by the Chief. The Chief may also designate one or more officers or officials to serve in the absence of the Fire Marshal.
104.11.3 General duties.
The Fire Investigation Bureau investigates fires and related incidents in Baltimore City. The Bureau must keep a complete record of these fires and related incidents, including their cause and origin, and a complete record of its investigations. The Assistant Chief or his or her designee is the custodian of all records of investigations. In addition to the duties specified in this section, the Bureau performs all other duties assigned to it by law or by the Chief of the Fire Department.
104.11.4 Charge of evidence.
In investigating a fire or related incident, the Bureau must take charge immediately of the physical evidence and, to preserve that evidence, take measures to prevent access by any person to the structure or premises until the evidence has been properly processed.
104.11.4.1 Cooperation with other agencies.
The Bureau must notify the persons designated by law to pursue investigations, cooperate with authorities in collecting evidence and in prosecuting offenders, and pursue the investigation to its conclusion.
104.11.4.2 Assistance from other agencies.
Police and other enforcement agencies are authorized to render assistance in the investigation of fires when requested to do so.
104.11.5 Authority of Fire Marshal.
The Fire Marshal has general supervision and control of all fire investigations in the City and of all inquiries to determine their cause and origin, both for the purpose of eliminating that cause and, if arson or incendiaries is suspected, to ascertain the persons responsible.
104.11.6 Penalty for obstructing investigation.
Any person who prevents or obstructs or attempts to prevent or obstruct an investigation is guilty of a misdemeanor and, on conviction, is subject to the penalties specified in § 110 {"Violations"} of this Code.
104.11.7 Subpoena of witness and documents.
In conducting an investigation, the Fire Marshal may subpoena and compel attendance of any person and the production of any documents that, in the judgment of the Fire Marshal, are connected with and necessary to the investigation, and have that person examined on oath or affirmation at the time and place specified in the subpoena. Officers of the Baltimore Police Department may serve the subpoena.
104.11.8 Enforcement of subpoena.
If a person is served with a subpoena and fails to attend and testify, or fails on examination to answer any question, or otherwise fails to comply with the subpoena, the Fire Marshal may apply to a judge of the Circuit Court of Baltimore City to order compliance to the subpoena. If the judge orders compliance, the Fire Marshal must so notify the person named in the subpoena and fix the time and place for his or her further examination. If the person still fails to comply, the person may be arrested and charged with contempt.
104.11.9 Administration of oaths.
The Fire Marshal may administer oaths or affirmations. Any false testimony given under oath or affirmation administered by the Fire Marshal, if material and made willfully, is punishable as perjury.
104.11.10 Submission to State's Attorney.
If gross negligence, arson, or incendiaries is reasonably evident in a case, the Fire Marshal must submit all of the Bureau's records on the case to the State's Attorney of Baltimore City.
104.12 Authority at fires and other emergencies. {As in IFC}
104.13 Fees for non-fire suppression services.
The Director of Finance must establish and annually review a fee schedule for non-fire suppression services performed by the Fire Department. The Director of Finance must base these fees on the expense incurred by the Fire Department in performing non-fire suppression services.
Section 105. Permits
105.1 General. {As in IFC}
105.1.1 Permits required.
Permits must be obtained from the Fire Code Official as required by this Code or in the Fire Code Official's Fire Prevention Permit Schedule. Permit fees, if any, must be paid before the permit is issued. An issued permit must be kept on the premises designated in that permit at all times and must be readily available for inspection by the Fire Code Official.
105.1.2 Types of permits. {As in IFC}
105.1.3 Multiple permits for the same location. {As in IFC}
105.1.4 Emergency repairs. {Not Adopted}
105.1.5 Repairs. {As in IFC}
105.1.6 Annual permit. {Not Adopted}
105.1.7 Setting fees.
The Director of Finance must establish and annually review the fees charged for permits under this Code. The Director of Finance must base these fees on the expenses incurred by the Fire Prevention Bureau in processing permit applications and in conducting inspections.
105.2 Application. {As in IFC}
105.3 Conditions of a permit. {As in IFC}
105.3.1 to 105.3.8 {As in IFC}
105.3.9 Violation of permit.
Failure to comply with any term or condition of any permit issued under this Code constitutes a violation of this Code and subjects the violator to the penalties prescribed in § 110 {"Violations"} of this Code.
105.4 Construction documents. {As in IFC}
105.5 Revocation. {As in IFC}
105.6 Required operational permits. {As in IFC}
105.6.1 to 105.6.14 {As in IFC}
105.6.15 Fire hydrants and valves. {Not Adopted}
105.6.16 to 105.6.50 {As in IFC}
105.7 Required construction permits. {As in IFC}
Section 106. Fees
106.1 Fees. {As in IFC}
106.2 Schedule of permit fees.
Permit fees are as provided in the Baltimore City Building Code.
106.3 to 106.5 {Not Adopted}
Section 107. Inspections
107.1 Inspection authority. {As in IFC}
107.2 Inspections. {As in IFC}
107.3 Concealed work. {As in IFC}
107.4 Approvals. {As in IFC}
107.5 Right of entry.
Whenever necessary to enforce this Code or whenever the Fire Code Official has reasonable cause to believe that, in any structure or on an premises, a condition exists that makes the structure or premises unsafe, the Fire Code official may enter to inspect the structure or premises or to perform any duty imposed on the Fire Code Official by this Code.
107.5.1 Occupied premises.
If the structure or premises is occupied, the Fire Code Official must first present proper credentials and request entry. If entry is refused, the Fire Code Official has the same authority to secure a search warrant as that vested in the Building Official by § 104.6 {"Right of entry"} of the Baltimore City Building Code.
Section 108. Maintenance {As in IFC}
Section 109. Appeals
109.1 Appeals to Board of Fire Commissioners.
Any person who is aggrieved by any notice, decision, order, or determination of the Fire Code Official may appeal in writing to the Board of Fire Commissioners. The appeal must be filed with the Board within 30 days after the notice, decision, order, or determination is served.
109.2 Affect of appeal.
An appeal filed within 5 days of service stays all proceedings on the notice, decision, order, or determination appealed from. An appeal filed later does not stay any proceedings; however, on application of the person taking the appeal and notice to the Fire Code Official, the Board may grant a restraining order for good cause shown.
109.3 Hearing.
Within 10 days after the appeal is filed, the Board must grant a hearing to the appellant. All interested parties have a right to be heard at the hearing.
109.4 Board decision.
Within 10 days after the hearing concludes, the Board must render its decision. In its decision, the Board may reverse, affirm, or modify the notice, decision, order, {rule,} or regulation appealed from and may give or make any other notice, decision, order, requirement, or determination that ought to be made under the circumstances. To that end, the Board has all the powers that are conferred on the Fire Code Official by this Code. However, the Board does not have any authority to waive, set aside, or in any way change any specific provision of this Code.
109.5 Judicial and appellate review.
A party aggrieved by a Board decision made under § 109.4 of this Code may seek judicial review of that decision by petition to the Circuit Court for Baltimore City in accordance with the Maryland Rules of Procedure. A party to the judicial review may appeal the court's final judgment to the Court of Special Appeals in accordance with the Maryland Rules of Procedure. A judicial review or appeal does not stay any criminal or equitable proceedings on the decision appealed from, nor does it prevent the Fire Code Official or any other City official from pursuing any other action or enforcement procedure authorized by law.
109.6 Limitations on instituting proceedings.
After a notice, decision, order, or determination has been served, the Fire Code Official may not take any action, except in the case of imminent danger, or institute or cause to be instituted any civil or criminal proceedings in connection with the enforcement of the notice, decision, order, or determination until:
1. after 5 days has passed without an appeal having been taken, or
2. if an appeal was taken within that period, after the Board renders its decision in the case.
Section 110. Violations
110.1 Unlawful acts. {As in IFC}
110.2 Owner/occupant responsibility. {As in IFC}
110.3 Notice of violation. {As in IFC}
110.3.1 to 110.3.4 {As in IFC}
110.3.5 Code compliance required at all times.
Neither this section nor any other provision of this Code excuses any person from fully complying with all provisions of this Code at all times, regardless of whether notice has been issued by the Fire Code Official in any particular case.
110.4 Penalty for violations.
Any person who violates or fails to comply with any provision of this Code or of any notice, decision, permit, {rule,} or regulation issued under this Code or who erects, installs, alters, repairs, or does work in violation of approved construction documents or of a directive of the Fire Code Official is guilty of a misdemeanor and, on conviction, is subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than 10 days or both. Except in the event of an emergent issue or situation, as determined by the Fire Code Official, if a condition is not discontinued or abated within 14 days from the issuance of a violation notice, each day thereafter that a violation continues after service of notice is a separate offense.
110.4.1 Abatement of violation. {As in IFC}
110.4.2 Failure to correct violations.
If a violation notice is not complied with within the time specified, the Fire Code Official may do any one or more of the following:
1. take action under § 110.6 {"Violation of notices, etc."} of this Code,
2. request the State's Attorney or the City Solicitor to institute appropriate legal proceedings:
a. to restrain, correct, or abate the violation, or
b. to require removal or termination of the unlawful use of the structure or premises in violation of this Code, or of any order or direction made under this Code, or
3. if the violation affects the immediate safety of the public, request the Baltimore Police Department to arrest those responsible for the violation.
110.5 Violation of notices, etc.
– Constitutes violation of Code. Every person must fully comply with all provisions of this Code and with all provisions of any notice, order, decision, permit, {rule,} or regulation issued by the Fire Code Official. Any act contrary to and any failure to comply with any provision or requirement of any notice, order, decision, permit, {rule,} or regulation of the Fire Code Official constitutes a violation of this Code.
110.6 Violation of notices, etc.
– Action by Fire Code Official. Whenever any person fails in any respect to fully comply with any provision of any notice, order, decision, permit, {rule,} or regulation issued under this Code, the Fire Code Official may take any action necessary to eliminate or make safe any condition that violates this Code.
110.7 Citations for certain offenses.
In accordance with City Code Article 1, Subtitle 40 {"Environmental Control Board"}, City Code Article 1, Subtitle 41 {"Civil Citations"}, or City Code Article 19, Subtitle 71 {"Special Enforcement Officers"}, a prepayable citation may be issued to the owner, agent, or person responsible for the operation or in charge of any occupancy that fails to comply with the following provisions of this Code:
1. § 108.6 {"Maintenance: Overcrowding"}
2. § 111.1 {"Unsafe Buildings: General"},
3. § 916.4 {"Telephone Access to City's 9-1-1 Emergency System: General"}, or
4. § 1001.2 {"Means of Egress: Minimum Requirements"}.
110.7.1 Each day a separate offense.
If a condition is not discontinued or abated within 14 days from the issuance of a violation notice, each day thereafter that a violation continues is a separate offense. A citation may be issued under this section any time that a violation is discovered, whether or not a prior citation has been issued for the same condition, if more than 14 days have elapsed since the issuance of the prior violation notice. Provided however, for an emergent issue, as determined by the Building Official, the 14 day period to abate or comply with the notice or order may be waived by the Building Official and the Building Official may institute or cause to be instituted any appropriate legal proceedings.
110.7.2 Permit revocation for repeat violators.
If 3 citations are issued to the same person or operation within a 1-year period, the Fire Code Official may revoke all permits issued by the Fire Code Official to or for that person or operation and notify all appropriate City agencies of the revocation.
110.7.3 Procedure not exclusive.
The issuance of a citation under this section does not preclude pursuing any other civil or criminal remedy or enforcement action authorized by law.
Section 111. Unsafe Buildings
111.1 to 111.4 {As in IFC}
Sections 112 to 113. {As in IFC}
Section 114. Emergency Measures
114.1 General.
In an emergency, where life or property is in immediate danger from any cause or thing covered or contemplated to be covered by this Code, the Fire Code Official may immediately take any action necessary to protect against the danger, without complying with § 110.3 {"Notice of violation"} of this Code.
Section 115. Costs
115.1 Owner's liability for cost of actions.
Whenever the Fire Code Official takes action under this Code, all expenses incurred and fees imposed by the Fire Code Official in avoiding, correcting, or removing a dangerous condition or in performing non-fire suppression services becomes a debt, jointly and severally owed to the City by every owner of the property on or in which the condition existed or the services performed.
115.2 When due; collection; lien.
This debt becomes immediately due to the City when the work or operation is finished and may be collected in the same manner as any other debt due the City. In addition, when the work or operation is finished, a lien in favor of the City attaches to the premises on or in which the work or operation was done and continues until the City is paid the full amount owed.
Chapter 2
Definitions
Section 201. General
201.1 Scope. {As in IFC}
201.2 Interchangeability. {As in IFC}
201.3 Terms defined in other codes.
If a term is not defined in this Code and is defined in the Baltimore City Building Code or in one or another of the standards and codes listed in § 101.4 {"Referenced Codes"} of the Baltimore City Building Code, the term has the meaning given to it in that code or standard.
201.4 Terms not defined. {As in IFC}
Section 202. General Definitions
202.1 General.
Except as specified in § 202.2 of this Code, terms used in this Code and defined in the International Fire Code (2021 Edition) have the meanings given in the International Fire Code (2021 Edition).
202.2 Supplemental definitions.
Notwithstanding any different definition in the International Fire Code, the following terms have the meanings given in this § 202.2.
202.2.1 Fire Code Official.
"Fire Code Official" means the Chief of the Baltimore City Fire Department or a duly authorized representative of the Chief.
202.2.2 May not, etc.
"May not", "must not", and "no ... may" are each mandatory negative terms used to establish a prohibition.
202.2.3 Must/Shall.
"Must" and "shall" are each mandatory terms used to express a requirement or to impose a duty.
202.2.4 Person.
"Person":
1. means any individual, sole proprietorship, corporation, firm, partnership, association, organization, joint venture, or other entity or group acting as a unit, executor, administrator, trustee, receiver, guardian, or other representative appointed by law, and
2. whenever used in this Code with reference to liability or to the imposition of a penalty or fine, includes:
a. as to an unincorporated firm, partnership, association, organization, or joint venture, the partners or members of the firm, partnership, association, organization, or joint venture, and
b. as to a corporation, the officers, trustees, agents, or members of the corporation who are responsible for the violation of any relevant code provision.
Chapter 3
General Requirements
Sections 301 to 306. {As in IFC}
Section 307. Open Burning, Recreational Fires, and Portable Outdoor Fireplaces
307.1 to 307.3 {As in IFC}
307.4 Location {As in IFC}
307.4.1 to 307.4.2 {As in IFC}
307.4.3 Portable outdoor fireplaces.
Portable outdoor fireplaces must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and may not be operated within 15 feet (3048 mm) of any structure, combustible material, or property line.
Exception: {Not Adopted}
307.5 Attendance. {As in IFC}
Section 308. Open Flames
308.1 General {As in IFC}
308.1.1 to 308.1.3 {As in IFC}
308.1.4 Open-flame cooking devices.
Charcoal burners and other open-flame cooking devices may not be operated on combustible balconies or within 10 feet (3048 mm) of any combustible construction or property line.
Exception: A one- or two-family dwelling whose property lines are less than 10 feet from the structure may use an open-flame cooking device as long as:
1. the device is at least 6 feet from any combustible construction; and
2. the following extinguishing agent is available:
a. for an LPG burner, a portable fire extinguisher with at least a 2A-10BC rating; and
b. for a charcoal or wood burner, either:
i. a water fire extinguisher; or
ii. a 5-gallon bucket of water.
308.1.5 to 308.1.8 {As in IFC}
308.2 Permit required. {As in IFC}
308.3 Group A Occupancies. {As in IFC}
308.3.1 Open-flame decorative devices. {As in IFC}
308.3.2 Theatrical performances. {As in IFC}
308.3.3 LP gas prohibited in assembly areas.
The storage or use of LP-gas containers of any size in any assembly building or in any assembly area of a building is prohibited.
308.3.3.1 Exception.
Listed and approved butane-gas commercial food service appliances may be used inside restaurants and in attended commercial food catering operations as long as each of the following conditions is complied with:
1. No appliance has more than two 10-oz. (296 ml) gas containers,with a maximum water capacity of 1.08 lb. (0.049 kg) per container, connected directly to it at any time.
2. The containers are not manifold.
3. All containers are listed and comply with UL 147B, "Standard for Non-Refillable (Disposable) Type Metal Container Assemblies for Butane".
4. Each container is an integral part of the listed and approved commercial food service appliance and is connected to the appliance without the use of a rubber hose.
5. No more than 24 of these containers are stored in the building, with an additional 24 containers permitted to be stored in another storage area in the building if that other storage area is separated or contained by a minimum 2-hour fire wall.
6. The use of LP gas in assembly areas for theatrical performances is subject to the review, evaluation, and approval of the Fire Code Official for each individual event.
308.4 Group R occupancies {As in IFC}
Sections 309 to 321. {As in IFC}
Chapter 4
Emergency Planning and Preparedness
Sections 401 to 403. {As in IFC}
Section 404. Fire Safety, Evacuation, and Lockdown Plans {As in IFC}
Section 405. Emergency Evacuation Drills
405.1 General. {As in IFC}
405.2 Frequency. {As in IFC}
405.2.1 Educational occupancies.
Every educational occupancy for more than 50 persons must have at least 2 fire drills each year, to be arranged by and conducted under the supervision and direction of the Fire Code Official.
405.2.2 High-rise buildings.
Every high-rise building must have a least 1 fire drill each year, to be arranged by the owner or person responsible for the building, in coordination with the Fire Code Official.
405.2.3 Buildings housing seniors and individuals requiring mobility devices.
Every residential building with more than 10 residents over the age of 62 or, who use a mobility device, including a wheelchair or crutches, must have:
1. a written plan for emergency evacuation procedures; and
2. at least 3 emergency evacuation drills each year, to be arranged by the owner or person responsible for the building, in coordination with the Fire Code Official.
405.3 to 405.9 {As in IFC}
Sections 406 to 407. {As in IFC}
Chapter 5
Fire Service Features
Sections 501 to 502. {As in IFC}
Section 503. Fire Apparatus Access Roads
503.1 Where required. {As in IFC}
503.2 Specifications.
Fire apparatus access roads shall be installed and arranged in accordance with Sections 503.2.1 through 503.2.8.
503.2.1 Dimensions.
Fire apparatus access roads shall have an unobstructed width of not less than 20 feet (6096 mm), exclusive of shoulders, except for approved security gates in accordance with Section 503.6 and an unobstructed vertical clearance of not less than 13 feet 6 inches (4115 mm).
Exceptions: Public streets shall be in accordance with the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban Street Design Guide.
503.2.2 to 503.2.8 {As in IFC}
503.3 to 503.6 {As in IFC}
Section 504. {As in IFC}
Section 505. Premises Identification
505.1 Address identification.
Address identification must be provided and maintained for all buildings in accordance with:
1. International Building Code§ 502 {"Building Address"}, and
2. City Code Article 26, Subtitle 6 {"Building Address Numbers"}.
505.2 Street or road signs. {As in IFC}
Sections 506 to 510. {As in IFC}
Section 511. Structures on piers
511.1 Definitions.
In this section, "pier" means any pier, wharf, dock, bulkhead, breakwater, piles, or other similar structure.
511.2 General.
Every structure that is constructed on a pier must comply with the requirements of this § 511 and all other applicable provisions of this Code and other law.
511.3 Chapter 28 of NFPA 1.
The pier and structure must comply with Chapter 28 {"Marinas and Boatyards, Marine Terminals, Piers, and Wharves"} of NFPA 1, Fire Code (2018 Edition), subject to the requirements of the Fire Code Official and the Building Official.
511.3.1 Chapter 6 of NFPA 25.
Flow tests must be conducted under Table 6.1.1.2 and § 6.3.1.1 of NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems (2017 Edition), annually (rather than, as otherwise there stated, every 5 years).
511.4 Pier material.
The pier must be made of or encased by non-combustible materials. The structure on the pier must be of Type I, Type II, or Type III construction.
511.5 Sprinkler protection.
The entire structure on the pier must be sprinkled.
511.6 Separation.
The separation between structures on a pier must be at least 30 feet.
511.7 Standpipes and hydrants.
Standpipes (Fire Department Connections) must be provided on the pier at least every 100 feet. Hydrants must be installed within 100 feet of a standpipe.
511.8 Emergency vehicle access.
All piers with structures must provide access for emergency vehicles on the promenade, a road, or other appropriate space. This access must be designed and configured to accommodate fire, ambulance, and other emergency vehicles. Access for emergency vehicles must be provided to within at least 300 feet of the farthest edge of the structure. The fire lane must be at least 20 feet wide.
511.9 Fire boat access.
Access for fire boats must be provided to within at least 50 feet of the farthest edge of the structure. The water depth of that access must be at least 10 feet (mean low water mark).
511.10 Tie-ups.
Marina slips are prohibited within 30 feet of any structure on a pier. Transient (i.e., hourly or daily) tie-ups along a bulkhead are only allowed adjacent to commercial structures and no closer than 15 feet from the structure.
Chapter 6
Building Services and Systems
Sections 601 to 602. {As in IFC}
Section 603. Fuel-Fired Appliances
603.1 Installation.
The installation of nonportable fuel gas appliances and systems must comply with the International Fuel Gas Code. The installation of all other fuel-fired appliances, other than internal combustion engines, oil lamps, and portable devices such as blow torches, melting pots, and weed burners, must comply with this section, NFPA 31, and the International Mechanical Code.
603.1.1 to 603.1.7 {As in IFC}
603.2 Chimneys. {As in IFC}
603.3 Fuel oil storage systems. {As in IFC}
603.4 Portable unvented heaters. {As in IFC}
603.5 Heating appliances. {As in IFC}
603.5.1 Guard against contact. {As in IFC}
603.5.2 Heating appliance installation and maintenance.
Heating appliances must be installed and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, the International Building Code, the International Mechanical Code, and the National Electrical Code.
603.6 Chimneys and appliances. {As in IFC}
603.7 Discontinuing operation of unsafe heating appliances. {As in IFC}
603.8 Incinerators. {As in IFC}
603.9 Gas meters. {As in IFC}
Section 604. Electrical Equipment, Wiring, and Hazards {As in IFC}
Sections 605 to 606. {As in IFC}
Section 607. Commercial Kitchen Hoods
607.1 General {As in IFC}
607.2 Where required {As in IFC}
Exceptions: {Not Adopted}
607.3 to 607 {As in IFC}
Sections 608 to 609. {As in IFC}
Chapter 7
Fire and Smoke Protection Features
[As in IFC]
Chapter 8
Interior Finish, Decorative Materials, and Furnishings
[As in IFC]
Chapter 9
Fire Protection Systems
Section 901. General
901.1 Scope. {As in IFC}
901.2 Construction documents. {As in IFC}
901.2.1 Statement of compliance. {As in IFC}
901.2.2 Submission requirements.
All documents submitted to the Fire Code Official under this section must meet the following criteria:
1. submitted drawings shall use the symbols identified in the National Fire Protection Association 170, the Standard for Fire Safety and Emergency Symbols,
Exceptions: Other symbols approved by the enforcing agency.
2. drawings shall annotate designers’ as National Institute for Certification of Engineering Technicians (NICET), International Code Council (ICC) certified, Registered Fire Protection Engineer, Engineer’s Stamp specific to submittal work, Manufacturer’s certification, or other approved certification or licensure as approved by the enforcing agency.
3. hand drawn submissions shall be legible and to scale, and
4. drawings shall annotate the applicable Codes and standards.
Section 902. Definitions {As in IFC}
Section 903. Automatic Sprinkler Systems
903.1 General. {As in IFC}
903.2 Where required. {As in IFC}
903.2.1 to 903.2.7 {As in IFC}
903.2.8 Group R. {As in IFC}
903.2.8.1 to 903.2.8.3 {As in IFC}
903.2.8.4 Care facilities.
An automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3 shall be permitted in care facilities with five or fewer individuals in a single-family dwelling.
Exceptions: Care facilities no more than 2 stories above grade that are equipped with:
1. a monitored fire detection system,
2. a monitored smoke alarm system,
3. self-closing 20-minute fire-rated doors in all sleeping areas, and
4. an approved emergency rescue opening in all sleeping areas.
903.2.9 to 903.2.12 {As in IFC}
903.3 Installation requirements. {As in IFC}
903.3.1 Standards. {As in IFC}
903.3.1.1 to 903.3.1.2 {As in IFC}
903.3.1.3 NFPA 13D sprinkler systems (garages):
A garage must be sprinkled when a living area is provided above it. The system design and density for the garage may be the same as that for the living area.
903.3.2 to 903.3.8 {As in IFC}
903.4 Sprinkler system supervision and alarms. {As in IFC}
903.4.1 Monitoring. {As in IFC}
903.4.2 Alarms. {As in IFC}
903.4.2.1 NFPA 13D alarm or notification.
A water flow alarm device must be installed to provide notice to occupants when a sprinkler flow condition occurs. The device must provide an audible alarm that is at least 75 dBA in the master bedroom and that begins within 60 seconds of flow and continues until the flow has stopped.
903.4.3 Floor control valves. {As in IFC}
903.5 to 903.6 {As in IFC}
Section 904. Alternative Automatic Fire-Extinguishing Systems
904.1 TO 904.2 {As in IFC}
904.3 Installation. {As in IFC}
904.3.1 TO 904.3.3 {As in IFC}
904.3.4 Alarms and warning signs. {As in IFC}
904.3.4.1 Mixed use occupancies.
When a dwelling unit or other occupancy is above an occupancy that uses cooking equipment, alarm and warning signs shall be placed in the immediate hood area, patron area, and on each level of residential units, if not so equipped with a fire alarm system and occupant notification.
904.3.5 Monitoring. {As in IFC}
904.4 TO 904.14 {As in IFC}
Section 905. Standpipe systems {As in IFC}
Section 906. Portable Fire Extinguishers
906.1 to 906.10 {As in IFC}
906.11 Registration required.
No person may represent him- or herself as a fire extinguisher repair person or engage in the business of recharging, testing, or installing fire extinguishers or fire extinguishing equipment unless that person is registered with the Fire Code Official to do so. Registration is for a year, renewable annually.
906.11.1 Testing competence.
The Fire Code Official may require that all applicants for registration pass a test that demonstrates the applicant's competency with fire extinguishing equipment.
906.11.2 Fee for registration.
The Fire Code Official may require a fee for the registration or renewal.
Section 907. Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
907.1 General. {As in IFC}
907.1.1 Construction documents. {As in IFC}
907.1.2 Fire alarm shop drawings.
Fire alarm shop drawings shall be prepared and signed by a system designer with one of the following:
1. Fire Alarm System Certification from the National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies, the International Code Council, or a registered Fire Protection Engineer, or
2. Manufacturer certification in design for the specific type and brand of system being provided.
907.1.3 Equipment. {As in IFC}
907.2 Where required – New buildings and structures. {As in IFC}
Exception 2: {Not Adopted}
907.2.1 to 907.2.7 {As in IFC}
907.2.8 Group R-1. {As in IFC}
907.2.8.1 Manual fire alarm system. {As in IFC}
Exceptions: {Not Adopted}
907.2.8.2 Automatic smoke detection system. {As in IFC}
907.2.9 Group R-2. {As in IFC}
907.2.9.1 Manual fire alarm system. {As in IFC}
Exceptions: {Not Adopted}
907.2.9.2 to 907.2.9.3 {As in IFC}
907.2.10 Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms. {As in IFC}
907.2.10.1 Group R-1. {As in IFC}
907.2.10.2 Groups R-2, R-3, R-4, and I-1. {As in IFC}
907.2.10.2.1 Obligations of landlord and tenant.
Except as otherwise provided in this § 907.2.10.2, the landlord is responsible for the installation and, on written notice by certified or registered mail, the repair or replacement of all required detectors. The tenant is responsible to inform the landlord, in the manner just described, of any smoke detector that becomes defective. A tenant may not remove or render a smoke detector inoperative.
907.2.10.2.2 Light signal for hearing impaired.
The landlord must provide a smoke detector that is designed (and has been tested and certified by an approved testing laboratory) to alert persons with hearing impairments if the tenancy is occupied by a person who is hearing impaired and the tenant has asked for the detector in writing by certified or registered mail.
907.2.10.2.3 One-, two-, and three-family dwellings.
An occupant of a 1-, 2-, or 3-family dwelling must:
1. equip his or her own living unit with the number of detectors required by this § 907.2.10.2, each of which must be an approved battery- or AC primary electric-powered smoke detector, and
2. maintain those smoke detectors according to manufacturer's guidelines.
907.2.10.3 to 907.2.10.7 {As in IFC}
907.2.11 to 907.2.23 {As in IFC}
907.3 to 907.10 {As in IFC}
Sections 908 to 917. {As in IFC}
Section 918. Telephone Access to the City's 9-1-1 Emergency System
918.1 "Multiple-line telephone system" defined.
In this section, "multiple-line telephone system" has the meaning stated in State Public Safety Article, § 1-314 {"Connection of multiple-line telephone system to allow for direct dialing of 9-1-1"}.
918.2 Purpose.
In order to protect the public health, safety, and welfare, the purpose of this section is to ensure that any person using a multiple-line telephone system can direct dial 9-1-1- without having to dial another number first.
918.3 Applicability.
This section applies to any person that installs or operates a multiple-line telephone system.
918.4 General.
A person that installs or operates a multiple-line telephone system shall ensure that the system is connected to the public switched telephone network in such a way that when an individual using the system dials 9-1-1, the call connects to the public safety answering point without requiring the user to dial any other number or set of numbers.
918.4.1 Authority to inspect.
The Fire Department shall inspect the installation and operation of a multiple-line telephone system and enforce compliance in accordance with § 107 {"Inspections"} of this Code.
Chapter 10
Means of Egress
[As in IFC]
Chapter 11
Construction Requirements for Existing Buildings
[As in IFC]
Chapter 12
Energy Systems
Section 1201. General {As in IFC}
Section 1202. Definitions {As in IFC}
Section 1203. Emergency and Standby Power Systems
1203.1 General. {As in IFC}
1203.1.1 to 1203.1.2 {As in IFC}
1203.1.3 Installation.
Emergency and standby power systems must be installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code, NFPA 110, and NFPA 111. Existing installations must be maintained in accordance with the original approval.
1203.1.4 to 1203.1.9 {As in IFC}
1203.2 to 1203.6 {As in IFC}
Section 1204. Solar Photovoltaic Power Systems
1204.1 General {As in IFC}
1204.2 Access and pathways. {As in IFC}
1204.2.1 Solar photovoltaic systems for Group R-3 buildings.
Solar photovoltaic systems for Group R-3 buildings must comply with §§ 1204.2.1.1 through 1204.2.1.3.
Exceptions: {Not Adopted}
1204.2.1.1 to 1204.2.1.3 {As in IFC}
1204.2.2 Emergency escape and rescue openings. {As in IFC}
1204.3 to 1204.5 {As in IFC}
Section 1205. Stationary Fuel Cell Power Systems {As in IFC}
Section 1206. Electrical Energy Storage Systems {As in IFC}
Chapters 13 to 19
[Reserved]
Chapter 20
Aviation Facilities
[As in IFC]
Chapter 21
Dry Cleaning
[As in IFC]
Chapter 22
Combustible Dust-Producing Operations
[As in IFC]
Chapter 23
Motor Fuel-Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages
[As in IFC]
Chapter 24
Flammable Finishes
[As in IFC]
Chapter 25
Fruit and Crop Ripening
[As in IFC]
Chapter 26
Fumigation and Thermal Fogging
Sections 2601 to 2602. {As in IFC}
Section 2603. Fire Safety Requirements
2603.1 to 2603.7 {As in IFC}
2603.8 Sulfur candles prohibited.
Except as specifically approved by the Fire Code Official, the use of sulfur candles for fumigating private residences is prohibited.
Chapter 27
Semiconductor Fabrication Facilities
[As in IFC]
Chapter 28
Lumber Yards and Aro-Industrial, Solid Biomass, and Woodworking Facilities
[As in IFC]
Chapter 29
Manufacture of Organic Coatings
[As in IFC]
Chapter 30
Industrial Ovens
[As in IFC]
Chapter 31
Tents, Temporary Special Event Structures, and Other Membrane Structures
[As in IFC]
Chapter 32
High-Piled Combustible Storage
[As in IFC]
Chapter 33
Fire Safety During Construction and Demolition
Sections 3301 to 3302. {As in IFC}
Section 3303. Temporary Heating Equipment
3303.1 Listed. {As in IFC}
3303.2 Oil-fired heaters. {As in IFC}
3303.3 LP-gas heaters.
Fuel supplies for liquefied-petroleum gas-fired heaters must comply with NFPA 58 and the International Fuel Gas Code.
3303.4 to 3303.6 {As in IFC}
3303.7 Permit required.
A permit from the Fire Code Official is required for commercial portable heaters, including salamanders, and for other similar appliances or equipment used for temporary heating in structures under construction or undergoing renovation. This equipment must be maintained and operated in accordance with all applicable NFPA standards.